第五课：我的一天

toc = I 学习目标( xué xí mù biāo) Learning Objective=


 * Present lesson vocabulary.
 * Sequence events using some cohesive device such as 然后 and 最后.

=II 学习内容（xué xí nèi róng）Content of Study=

1. 词汇学习(cí huì xué xí ) Vocabulary Study
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3. 词语卡片（cí yǔ kǎ piàn）Flashcard and Games
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4. 语法小结 （yǔ fǎ xiǎo jié）Grammar Notes
In the Chinese language, “ 前 ( qián )” means before, and “ 后 ( hòu )” means after. Both “ 以前 ( yǐqián )” and “ 以后 ( yǐhòu <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 14px;">)” can be used to indicate a period of time. They are similar in usage. In this text we will introduce three situations for using these two words. <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 14px;">“ <span style="font-family: 'Microsoft YaHei','sans-serif'; font-size: 14px;">以前 <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 14px;">( <span style="color: #3e6ea9; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 14px;">yǐqián <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 14px;">)” can be used after a time word to express before or ago. The structure is “time + <span style="font-family: 'Microsoft YaHei','sans-serif'; font-size: 14px;">以前 <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 14px;">( <span style="color: #3e6ea9; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 14px;">yǐqián <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 14px;">).” <span style="color: #3e6ea9; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 14px;">Wǒ bā diǎn yǐqián dào gōngsī.
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif';"> [|How to Use “] [|以前] [|(yǐqián)” And “] [|以后] [|(yǐhòu)” in Chinese] **
 * <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 14px;">Situation 1: **
 * <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 14px;">Examples: **

<span style="font-family: 'Microsoft YaHei','sans-serif'; font-size: 14px;">我 八 点 以前 到 公司. <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 14px;">I will arrive at the company before 8 o’clock. <span style="color: #3e6ea9; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 14px;">Liǎng nián yǐqián, wǒ qù guò zhōng guó.

<span style="font-family: 'Microsoft YaHei','sans-serif'; font-size: 14px;">两 年 以前，我 去过 中 国. <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 14px;">I’ve been to China two years ago. <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 14px;">Similarly, “ <span style="font-family: 'Microsoft YaHei','sans-serif'; font-size: 14px;">以后 <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 14px;">( <span style="color: #3e6ea9; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 14px;">yǐhòu <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 14px;">)” can be used after a time word to indicate after or later. And the structure is “time + <span style="font-family: 'Microsoft YaHei','sans-serif'; font-size: 14px;">以后 <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 14px;">( <span style="color: #3e6ea9; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 14px;">yǐhòu <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 14px;">).” <span style="color: #3e6ea9; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 14px;">Wǒ shí fēnzhōng yǐhòu dào jiā.
 * <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 14px;">Examples: **

<span style="font-family: 'Microsoft YaHei','sans-serif'; font-size: 14px;">我 十 分钟 以后 到 家. <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 14px;">I will arrive home in ten minutes. <span style="color: #3e6ea9; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 14px;">Zhāng Mínɡ wǔ gè yuè yǐhòu jiéhūn.

<span style="font-family: 'Microsoft YaHei','sans-serif'; font-size: 14px;">张 明 五 个月 以后 结婚. <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 14px;">Zhang Ming will get married in five months. <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 14px;">“ <span style="font-family: 'Microsoft YaHei','sans-serif'; font-size: 14px;">以前 <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 14px;">( <span style="color: #3e6ea9; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 14px;">yǐqián <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 14px;">)” and “ <span style="font-family: 'Microsoft YaHei','sans-serif'; font-size: 14px;">以后 <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 14px;">( <span style="color: #3e6ea9; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 14px;">yǐhòu <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 14px;">)” can also be used after a certain action to indicate a period of time. The basic structure is “action + <span style="font-family: 'Microsoft YaHei','sans-serif'; font-size: 14px;">以前 <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 14px;">( <span style="color: #3e6ea9; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 14px;">yǐqián <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 14px;">)” and “action + <span style="font-family: 'Microsoft YaHei','sans-serif'; font-size: 14px;">以后 <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 14px;">( <span style="color: #3e6ea9; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 14px;">yǐhòu <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 14px;">).” <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 14px;">The structure “action + <span style="font-family: 'Microsoft YaHei','sans-serif'; font-size: 14px;">以前 <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 14px;">( <span style="color: #3e6ea9; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 14px;">yǐqián <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 14px;">)” indicates the period of time before the action or event. <span style="color: #3e6ea9; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 14px;">Shàngbān yǐqián, wǒ yào chī zǎo fàn.
 * <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 14px;">Situation 2: **
 * <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 14px;">Examples **

<span style="font-family: 'Microsoft YaHei','sans-serif'; font-size: 14px;">上班 以前，我 要 吃 早 饭. <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 14px;">Before going to work, I will have breakfast. <span style="color: #3e6ea9; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 14px;">Jack shuìjiào yǐqián xǐhuān kànshū.

<span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 14px;"> Jack <span style="font-family: 'Microsoft YaHei','sans-serif'; font-size: 14px;">睡觉 以前 喜欢 看书｡ <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 14px;">Jack likes to read books before sleeping. <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 14px;">Similarly, the structure “action or event + <span style="font-family: 'Microsoft YaHei','sans-serif'; font-size: 14px;">以后 <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 14px;">( <span style="color: #3e6ea9; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 14px;">yǐhòu <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 14px;">)” indicates the period of time after the action or event. <span style="color: #3e6ea9; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 14px;">Tā xiàbān yǐhòu yào xué hànyǔ.
 * <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 14px;">Examples **

<span style="font-family: 'Microsoft YaHei','sans-serif'; font-size: 14px;">他 下班 以后 要 学 汉语. <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 14px;">After finishing work, he is going to study Chinese. <span style="color: #3e6ea9; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 14px;">Chī wǎnfàn yǐhòu, wǒmen qù sànbù ba.

<span style="font-family: 'Microsoft YaHei','sans-serif'; font-size: 14px;">吃 晚饭 以后，我们 去 散步 吧. <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 14px;">Let’s take a walk after dinner. <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 14px;">Additionally, in the structures “time + <span style="font-family: 'Microsoft YaHei','sans-serif'; font-size: 14px;">以前 <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 14px;">( <span style="font-family: 'Microsoft YaHei','sans-serif'; font-size: 14px;">后 <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 14px;">)” and “action or event + <span style="font-family: 'Microsoft YaHei','sans-serif'; font-size: 14px;">以前 <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 14px;">( <span style="font-family: 'Microsoft YaHei','sans-serif'; font-size: 14px;">后 <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 14px;">),” the terms “ <span style="font-family: 'Microsoft YaHei','sans-serif'; font-size: 14px;">以前 <span style="color: #3e6ea9; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 14px;">(yǐqián <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 14px;">)” and “ <span style="font-family: 'Microsoft YaHei','sans-serif'; font-size: 14px;">以后 <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 14px;">( <span style="color: #3e6ea9; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 14px;">yǐhòu <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 14px;">)” can be shortened to “ <span style="font-family: 'Microsoft YaHei','sans-serif'; font-size: 14px;">前 <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 14px;">( <span style="color: #3e6ea9; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 14px;">qián <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 14px;">)” and “ <span style="font-family: 'Microsoft YaHei','sans-serif'; font-size: 14px;">后 <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 14px;">( <span style="color: #3e6ea9; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 14px;">hòu <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 14px;">).” In this case, the structure becomes “time + <span style="font-family: 'Microsoft YaHei','sans-serif'; font-size: 14px;">前 <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 14px;">( <span style="font-family: 'Microsoft YaHei','sans-serif'; font-size: 14px;">后 <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 14px;">)” and “action or event + <span style="font-family: 'Microsoft YaHei','sans-serif'; font-size: 14px;">前 <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 14px;">( <span style="font-family: 'Microsoft YaHei','sans-serif'; font-size: 14px;">后 <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 14px;">)” for short. <span style="color: #3e6ea9; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 14px;">Sān nián qián, wǒ bú huì yóuyǒng.
 * <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 14px;">Examples: **

<span style="font-family: 'Microsoft YaHei','sans-serif'; font-size: 14px;">三 年 前， 我不 会 游泳. <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 14px;">I can’t swim three year ago. <span style="color: #3e6ea9; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 14px;">Xiàxuě hòu, tiānqì hěn lěng.

<span style="font-family: 'Microsoft YaHei','sans-serif'; font-size: 14px;">下雪 后，天气 很 冷. <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 14px;">The weather is cold after a snow fall.

Of all the result complements in Chinese, this one is one of the most satisfying to use, since it implies "finishing" something. On it's own, 完 (wán) means "to finish" or "complete." Using it in this grammar structure, it expresses the idea of doing the verb until you are complete.

（http://resources.echineselearning.com）

Structure
As well as with [|到 and 见], you can also form [|result complements] with 完. This indicates that an action is finished or completed. The structure is: Subject + Verb + 完 + Object

Examples

 * 我 说 //完// 了. (wǒ shuō wán le.) I am finished talking.
 * 你 吃 //完// 了 吗？(nǐ chī wán le ma?) Are you done eating?
 * 你 没有 吃 //完// 你 的 水果. (nǐ méiyǒu chī wán nǐ de shuǐguǒ.) You haven't finished eating all of your fruit.
 * 我 昨天 晚上 看 //完// 了 那 本 书. (wǒ zuótiān wǎnshàng kàn wán le nà běn shū.) I finished reading this book yesterday evening.
 * 看 //完// 以后 告诉 我. (kàn wán yǐhòu gàosù wǒ.) Tell me when you have finished watching.
 * 我们 学 //完// 了 100 个词. (wǒmen xué wán le 100 gè cí.) We studied 100 characters.
 * 我 今天 要 做 //完// 这些 事. (wǒ jīntiān yào zuò wán zhèxiē shì.) I want to finish these things today. (Note that 些 means we are talking about more than one thing.)

In English we say "I finished the movie," or "I finished supper," but in Chinese you should explicitly use the verb implied in English along with 完了 to emphasize that you completed the action: "watch the movie (till the end)" or "eat (all my) supper."
 * 我 **完 了** 电影. (wǒ wán le diànyǐng). I n Chinese we need to know, did you //watch// the movie, or //make// the movie? Wǒ **wán le** diànyǐng.
 * 我 **看 完 了** 那 部 电影 . (wǒ kàn wán le nà bù diànyǐng.) Tell us that you watched it till the end. Wǒ **kàn wán le** nà bù diànyǐng. I finished watching the movie.

（http://resources.allsetlearning.com）

5. 词汇练习（cí huì liàn xí）Vocabulary Practice
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6. 课文（kè wén）Reading Material
=III 影像资料 (yǐng xiàng zī liào)Video Resources=